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What Assets Are Protected When Filing For Bankruptcy?

Written by Toi Williams on Apr 10th, 2011 | Filed under: bankruptcy

Filing for bankruptcy is a stressful process felt by more than 1.5 million individuals every year, often at the end of a long, difficult period of trying to reduce debt levels to a manageable amount.  In most cases, many of the assets held by the person declaring bankruptcy will be taken by the trustee and sold to pay off creditors, but there are some assets that are protected when filing for bankruptcy.  The exact assets protected from seizure will vary depending on the state that you live in, but here are the assets that are protected in most areas.

Primary Residence

The decision of whether you will be able to keep your primary residence after bankruptcy will depend on a number of factors, including the size of the property, the amount owed on the home, and the state that the person lives in.  In some states, the amount of land around the home that can also be kept is specified in the bankruptcy rules and anything above that amount will be sold to pay off creditors.  It is important to read the bankruptcy rules for your particular state to find out whether or not you will be able to keep your home after declaring bankruptcy.

Tax Exempt Retirement Fund

The money that has been placed in a tax exempt retirement fund is legally protected from seizure to pay off creditors in a bankruptcy.  In most states, 401K’s, employer sponsored retirement plans, and individual retirement plans cannot be taken in bankruptcy court.  Some states cap the amount that is protected in an IRA at $1.17 million per person, with amounts above that seized to pay creditors.

Vehicle

Your primary vehicle may be protected from seizure if it meets certain criteria under the bankruptcy laws in your state.  Vehicles where the owner owes more than the value of the vehicle on the loan can generally be kept as long as the payments remain current.  Some states have an exemption limit for bankruptcy filings and vehicles that are paid off whose value is lower than this threshold may be kept.  Valuable vehicles that are paid off may be seized and sold to pay creditors.


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